送迁客二首
出处：御定全唐诗·卷三百一十
得罪谁人送，来时不到家。
白头无侍子，多病向天涯。
莽苍凌江水，黄昏见塞花。
如今贾谊赋，不漫说长沙。
流人何处去，万里向江州。
孤驿瘴烟重，行人巴草秋。
上帆南去远，送雁北看愁。
遍问炎方客，无人得白头。
注释
- 「得罪谁人送」： Who sent you after you got into trouble
- 释义： Who sent you when you were punished
- 「白头无侍子」： Having no attendant when getting old
- 释义： Being old and having no one to attend to
- 「多病向天涯」： Suffering from many illnesses and going to the ends of the earth
- 释义： Suffering from various diseases and traveling far away
- 「莽苍凌江水」： Vast and desolate, overlooking the river
- 释义： Vast and desolate, overlooking the Yangtze River
- 「黄昏见塞花」： Seeing the border flowers at dusk
- 释义： Seeing the flowers in the border area at dusk
- 「如今贾谊赋」： Now, Jia Yi's fu
- 释义： Now, the literary works of Jia Yi
- 「不漫说长沙」： Not just talking about Changsha casually
- 释义： Not just casually referring to Changsha
- 「流人何处去」： Where are the exiled people going
- 释义： Where are the exiled people headed
- 「孤驿瘴烟重」： The solitary post is filled with thick miasma
- 释义： The lonely post station is filled with thick poisonous fog
- 「行人巴草秋」： Travelers see autumn grass in Ba region
- 释义： Travelers see autumn grass in the Ba area
- 「上帆南去远」： Raising the sail and going far south
- 释义： Raising the sail and sailing far southward
- 「送雁北看愁」： Watching the geese flying north with sorrow when seeing them off
- 释义： Watching the geese flying north with a sad heart when seeing them off
- 「遍问炎方客」： Asking all the guests in the hot southern region
- 释义： Asking all the people in the hot southern area
- 「无人得白头」： No one can get white hair
- 释义： No one can have white hair (implies no one can share the same experience of being in such a situation)
赏析
《送迁客二首》表达了对迁客的同情与感慨
诗中刻画了迁客得罪后无人相送、白头多病漂泊天涯的凄凉
‘莽苍凌江水，黄昏见塞花’勾勒出旅途的苍茫与孤寂
‘如今贾谊赋，不漫说长沙’以贾谊自比，抒发迁客的悲愤
艺术上，情景交融，借景抒情，如‘孤驿瘴烟重，行人巴草秋’，瘴烟、巴草营造出哀伤氛围，生动展现迁客的艰难处境与内心痛苦，让读者深切体会到其命运的坎坷
精选评论
- 「离恨书生」首联‘得罪谁人送，来时不到家’，便道出迁客的凄凉境遇，令人心生怜悯。
- 「别愁墨客」‘白头无侍子，多病向天涯’，进一步刻画迁客的孤苦，其景其情，感人至深。
- 「伤怀居士」颔联与颈联描绘的凌江黄昏、塞花孤驿之景，与迁客的愁绪相融合，更添离别之苦。
- 「断肠吟者」‘如今贾谊赋，不漫说长沙’，以贾谊自比，更显迁客的悲愤与无奈。
- 「愁肠文人」整首诗围绕送迁客展开，从其得罪缘由到旅途艰辛，再到内心悲愤，层层递进，情感真挚。