题卢秘书夏日新栽竹二十韵

白居易 · 唐 · 五言古诗 · 咏物

出处:御定全唐诗·卷四百三十八

湘竹初封植,卢生此考盘。

久持霜节苦,新托露根难。

等度须当砌,疏稠要满阑。

买怜分薄俸,栽称作闲官。

叶翦蓝罗碎,茎抽玉管端。

几声清淅沥,一簇绿檀栾。

未夜青岚入,先秋白露团。

拂肩摇翡翠,熨手弄琅玕。

韵透窗风起,阴铺砌月残。

炎天闻觉冷,窄地见疑宽。

梢动胜摇扇,枝低好挂冠。

碧笼烟幕幕,珠洒雨珊珊。

晚箨晴云展,阴芽蛰虺蟠。

爱从抽马策,惜未截鱼竿。

松韵徒烦听,桃夭不足观。

梁惭当家杏,台陋本司兰。

撑拨诗人兴,勾牵酒客欢。

静连芦簟滑,凉拂葛衣单。

岂止消时暑,应能保岁寒。

莫同凡草木,一种夏中看。

注释

  • 「湘竹」:即斑竹。 \n「初封植」:刚刚种植。 \n「卢生」:指卢秘书。 \n「考盘」:盘桓,逗留。 \n「久持」:长久保持。 \n「霜节」:耐寒的竹节。 \n「苦」:坚韧。 \n「新托」: newly attached. \n「露根难」:扎根困难。 \n「等度」: equal measure. \n「须当砌」: should be placed along the steps. \n「疏稠」: sparse and dense. \n「要满阑」: should fill the railing. \n「买怜」: buy out of pity. \n「分薄俸」: divide the meager salary. \n「栽称作」: plant and call it. \n「闲官」: idle official. \n「叶翦」: leaf cut. \n「蓝罗碎」: like broken blue silk. \n「茎抽」: stem growing. \n「玉管端」: like the tip of a jade tube. \n「几声」: several sounds. \n「清淅沥」: clear and tinkling. \n「一簇」: a cluster. \n「绿檀栾」: green and graceful. \n「未夜」: before nightfall. \n「青岚入」: green mist enters the bamboo grove. \n「先秋」: before autumn. \n「白露团」: white dew gathers. \n「拂肩」: brushing against the shoulders. \n「摇翡翠」: swaying like emeralds. \n「熨手」: warming the hands. \n「弄琅玕」: playing with the bamboo. \n「韵透」: the sound penetrates. \n「窗风起」: the wind rises through the window. \n「阴铺」: the shade spreads. \n「砌月残」: the moon on the steps is fading. \n「炎天」: hot days. \n「闻觉冷」: feel cold when hearing the sound of bamboo. \n「窄地」: narrow space. \n「见疑宽」: seems wider when seeing the bamboo. \n「梢动」: the tips of the bamboo swaying. \n「胜摇扇」: better than waving a fan. \n「枝低」: the branches are low. \n「好挂冠」: suitable for hanging the hat. \n「碧笼」: green cage. \n「烟幕幕」: misty smoke. \n「珠洒」: beads falling. \n「雨珊珊」: rain pattering. \n「晚箨」: late bamboo shoots. \n「晴云展」: spreading like clear clouds. \n「阴芽」: hidden buds. \n「蛰虺蟠」: coiled like a hibernating snake. \n「爱从」: love to start from. \n「抽马策」: pulling out the horse whip. \n「惜未」: regretting not. \n「截鱼竿」: cutting the fishing rod. \n「松韵」: the sound of pine trees. \n「徒烦听」: only annoying to listen to. \n「桃夭」: the beauty of peach blossoms. \n「不足观」: not worth looking at. \n「梁惭」: ashamed of the beam. \n「当家杏」: the apricot tree in the house. \n「台陋」: the platform is shabby. \n「本司兰」: the orchid in the department. \n「撑拨」: stimulating. \n「诗人兴」: the inspiration of poets. \n「勾牵」: attracting. \n「酒客欢」: the joy of wine drinkers. \n「静连」: quietly connected to. \n「芦簟滑」: the reed mat is smooth. \n「凉拂」: the coolness touches. \n「葛衣单」: the hempen clothes are thin. \n「岂止」: not only. \n「消时暑」: dispel the summer heat. \n「应能」: should be able to. \n「保岁寒」: preserve in the cold season. \n「莫同」: don't be the same as. \n「凡草木」: ordinary plants. \n「一种」: the same kind. \n「夏中看」: looked at in summer.

赏析

《题卢秘书夏日新栽竹二十韵》围绕新栽竹展开

细致描绘了竹子的形态,如“叶翦蓝罗碎,茎抽玉管端”,展现其清新姿态

还写了竹子带来的清凉之感及对其的喜爱

艺术手法上,多感官描写,从视觉“几声清淅沥,一簇绿檀栾”到触觉“拂肩摇翡翠,熨手弄琅玕”,生动展现竹子特点

借竹抒情,表达对高洁品质的追求,“莫同凡草木,一种夏中看”突出其与众不同

精选评论

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